- Capital—New Delhi
- Area—32,87,263 km2 (Seventh place in the World, 2.42% of the World. 1,20,849 km2 excluding which is occupied by China and Pakistan).
- Boundaries—(1) Land : China, Nepal and Bhutan in the North, Myanmar and Bangladesh in the East, separated by hilly ranges. Pakistan and Afghanistan in the North-West. (2) Sea : Arabian Sea in the West, Indian ocean in the South and Bay of Bengal in the East.
- Latitudinal Extent—8°- 4´ N to 37°- 6´ N. Roughly 29 Latitudes.
- Longitudinal Extent—68°-7´ E to 97°-25´ E. Roughly 29 Longitudes.
- Standard Meridian—82½ E. Longitudes (Passing through Allahabad. Time 5½ hrs ahead of Greenwich mean time).
- Physical Divisions—1. Himalayas Mts. in the North. 2. Great Plains in the North. 3. Plateau region in the South. 4. Coastal plain. 5. Thar desert.
- Distance of extreme South from equator—876 km.
- East to West distance—2933 km.
- North to South distance—3214 km.
- Sea boundary including Islands—7516.6 km.
- Land boundary—15,200 km.
- Islands—Bay of Bengal—204, Arabian Sea—43.
- States through which tropic of cancer passes— Gujarat, Rajasthan, Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh, Jharkhand, West Bengal, Tripura, Mizoram.
- Mountainous Ranges—Godwin Austin K2 (8611 m.) (Highest peak in India), Beside this Kanchanjunga, Nanga Parwat, Nanda Devi, Kamet, Makalu, Anna- purna, Mansali, Badrinath, Kedar Nath, Trisul, etc.
- Important Lakes—Wular, Dal, Chilka, Sambhar Didwana, Husain Sagar, Naini-ko-leru, Pulcit, Vembanand, Lunar, Nakki.
- Total Population—1,21,05,69,573 (2011) (Final)
- Percentage of World Population—17.5%.
- Density of Population—382 persons km2 as per 2011 census.
- Growth Rate—17.7%.
- Sex Ratio—943 :1000.
- Literacy—73.0% (Male Literacy 80.9%, Female Literacy 64.6%).
- Forested Area—(2015 Report) 7,01,673 km2 (21.34% of the total geographical area), excluding Tree area of 2.82% (92572 km2).
- Soils—Alluvial soil, Black soil, Red and Yellow soils, Laterite soil, Desert and Marshy soil.
- Means of Irrigation—Canal (22%), Wells (16%), Tubewells (46%), Tanks (3%) and other (9%).
- Agriculture—
- Wet agriculture (without irrigation where average rainfall is more than 200 cm.
- Humid agriculture (Black and alluvial soil area, where rainfall is 110 to 200 cm).
- Jhuming cultivation (North – East India and Western Ghats).
- Terrace cultivation (Hill of arming) At the slopes of Himalayas.
- No. of Districts—640 (2011)
- Major Ports—13
- No. of Class I Cities—468 (2011)
- Total No. of Urban Areas—7,935 (2011)
- State with maximum no. of cities—Uttar Pradesh (704)
- State with highest Urban Population—Maharashtra 5,08,18,259 (2011)
- State with Highest Percentage of Urban Population—Goa 62.17% (2011)
- State with Percentage of Lowest Urban Population—Himachal Pradesh : 10.04 (2011)
- Smallest State as per area—Goa (3702 km2)
- District with Highest Population—Thane, Maharashtra (1.11 crore)
- District with Lowest Population—Dibang Valley (Arunachal Pradesh, 7,948)
- District with Highest Literacy—Serchhip, Mizoram (98.76%)
- District with Lowest Lieracy—Koraput, Odisha (49.87%)
- District with Highest Sex Ratio—Mahe, Puducherry (1176: 1000)
- District with Lowest Sex Ratio—Jhajjar, Haryana (774:1000)
- City with Maximum Population—Mumbai, Maharashtra (1.25 crore)
- City with Lowest Population—Nagda, M.P. (100,036)
- City with Highest Literacy—Aizwal, Mizoram (98.80%)
- City with Lowest Literacy—Rampur, U.P. (60.74%)
- City with Highest Sex Ratio—Kozhikode, Kerala (1093:1000)
- City with Lowest Sex Ratio—Vapi, Gujarat (734:1000)
- State with highest density of population (2011)—Bihar (1106), persons km2 (as per 2011 census)
- State with lowest density of population (2011)—Arunachal Pradesh (17 persons km2)
- Union Territory with minimum area—Laksha- dweep 32 km2
- Union Territory with maximum area—Andaman Nicobar Islands (8249 km2)
- No. of National Highways—313
- Longest National Highway—National Highway 07, (2369 km2) (Varanasi to Kanya Kumari)
- Biggest (largest) Railway Zone—Northern Railway
- Tiger Projects—49
- National Parks—166
- Wild Life Sanctuaries—515
- Biggest State according to area—Rajasthan (3,42,239 km2)
- State with maximum population—Uttar Pradesh 19,98,12,341 persons (As per 2011 census)
- State with minimum population—Sikkim (6,10,577 persons)
- Highest Waterfall—Kunchikal waterfall at river Varahi in Karnataka
- Largest Sea Beach—Marina Sea Beach (Chennai)
- State with Longest Coast Line—Gujarat (1074 km)
- Battle ground at highest point—Siachin area
- Biggest (Sweet water) Lake—Wular lake (Jammu- Kashmir)
- Biggest River bridge—Mahatma Gandhi Bridge (Patna) Ganga-Patna 5,575 metre
- Longest tunnel—Chenani-Nashri (Patnitop) (Jammu- Kashmir)
- Biggest Cave Temple—Kailash temple (Ellora-Maharashtra)
- Highest National award—Bharat Ratna
- Highest Gallantry award— Param-Veer- Chakra
- State with maximum Literacy (2011)—Kerala (first 100% literate state in the country).
- State with minimum Literacy rate—Bihar (61.8% as per 2011 census).
- Biggest artificial lake— Govind Sagar (Bhakra- Nangal)
- Biggest natural harbour—Mumbai
- Biggest Stadium—Yuba- Bharti salt lake-Kolkata
- Biggest Indoor Stadium—Indira Gandhi Stadium (New Delhi).
- Longest Canal—Indira Gandhi Canal (Rajasthan)
- Highest Gate—Buland- Darwaja (Fatehpur-Sikri, Agra)
- Biggest Delta—Sunder- ban (West Bengal)
- Biggest Animal Fair—Sonpur (Bihar)
