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The robust network of Indian scientific organizations playing key roles in research, development, and innovation across disciplines like space, defense, agriculture, health, environment, and technology. Understanding their roles is crucial for competitive exams such as UPSC, SSC, CDS, and State PSCs. Here’s a structured, updated list of major Indian scientific bodies and their functions in 2025.
Top Indian Scientific Organizations
Here are the top Indian Scientific Organizations –
| Organization | Full Form | Headquarters | Established | Key Functions |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ISRO | Indian Space Research Organisation | Bengaluru | 1969 | Space research, satellite development, launches, Mars/Chandrayaan missions |
| DRDO | Defence Research and Development Organisation | New Delhi | 1958 | Military R&D, missiles, combat systems, radar tech |
| CSIR | Council of Scientific and Industrial Research | New Delhi | 1942 | Scientific research in chemicals, biology, materials, energy, environment |
| ICMR | Indian Council of Medical Research | New Delhi | 1911 | Biomedical research, disease control, public health studies |
| ICAR | Indian Council of Agricultural Research | New Delhi | 1929 | Agricultural R&D, crop yield improvement, animal sciences |
| BARC | Bhabha Atomic Research Centre | Mumbai | 1954 | Nuclear research, reactors, isotope tech, radiology |
| ISROโIN-SPACe | Indian National Space Promotion and Authorization Center | Ahmedabad | 2020 | Private sector participation in space programs |
| NITI Aayog โ AIM | Atal Innovation Mission | New Delhi | 2016 | Fosters innovation & entrepreneurship in schools, MSMEs, and startups |
| DST | Department of Science & Technology | New Delhi | 1971 | Policy-making, funding scientific research, geospatial mapping |
| DBT | Department of Biotechnology | New Delhi | 1986 | Biotech research, genomics, vaccine development |
| MoES | Ministry of Earth Sciences | New Delhi | 2006 | Weather prediction, oceanography, seismology, climate modeling |
| INCOIS | Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services | Hyderabad | 1999 | Tsunami alerts, ocean data services, marine weather |
Specialized Agencies & Institutes
- ARCI (International Advanced Research Centre for Powder Metallurgy & New Materials) โ Hyderabad: Advanced materials and nanotechnology.
- NEERI (National Environmental Engineering Research Institute) โ Nagpur: Pollution control, environmental sustainability.
- NIOT (National Institute of Ocean Technology) โ Chennai: Ocean exploration, marine engineering.
- NIBMG (National Institute of Biomedical Genomics) โ Kalyani, West Bengal: Genomic research, disease mapping.
- IISc, IITs, IISERs โ Various: Academic research and technological innovation.
Key Projects & Achievements (2024โ2025)
- ISRO: Launched Chandrayaan-3, Gaganyaan crew training, OneWeb satellite launches.
- DRDO: Test of Agni-Prime missile, development of autonomous combat systems.
- ICMR: Research on COVID-19 variants, indigenous TB vaccines.
- CSIR: Green hydrogen tech development, AI-based diagnostics.
- ICAR: Drought-resistant rice & millet varieties launched under International Year of Millets 2023โ25.
Why You Should Know This (Especially for Exams)
These bodies are often referenced in:
- UPSC GS Paper 3 (Science & Tech, Environment, Agriculture)
- CDS/NDA GK Paper
- SSC CGL & CHSL Static GK
- State PCS General Awareness Sections
Sample Question:
Q. Which organization is responsible for space research in India?
A. ISRO
Downloadable PDF & Printable Notes
[Coming soon on edvnce.com โ Stay tuned!]Conclusio
Indiaโs scientific ecosystem is vast, dynamic, and globally recognized. For students, aspirants, and tech enthusiasts, understanding these institutions is crucial not just for exams but also for grasping Indiaโs developmental roadmap. Bookmark this article and stay updated with Edvnce for fact-checked, exam-oriented
